The purpose of this lesson is to illustrate the use of the scientific method to solve different kinds of problems. By studying ancient solutions to the problem of excessive sunlight on human vision, we can better understand the process of designing the solar panels on the MESSENGER spacecraft. Students will build snow goggles similar to those used by the Inuit peoples. The goggles are designed to block unwanted light, while increasing the viewer’s ability to see in a bright region. Students will also create their own version of the goggles to improve upon existing designs.  Students will compare the process used to invent snow goggles with that employed by MESSENGER designers, and discover that even though exact solutions to the problem of excess sunlight may be different, the basic principles of the scientific method for solving problems are the same.

Snow goggles: Narrow slits or holes limited the hunters’ field of view, but reduced the bright sunlight enough so that visibility on ice and snow was greatly improved.

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Essential Question

How can the scientific method be used to solve different kinds of problems?

• The scientific method can be used to solve a variety of problems.
• Sunlight is necessary for many different purposes (such as hunting or observing the properties of planets), but too much of it can be dangerous.
• Light as a Tool and a Hindrance

MESSENGER Mission Connection

We need some sunlight to see, but too much may be harmful to our eyes. In a similar way, the MESSENGER spacecraft needs some sunlight to operate and to observe Mercury, but too much of it can heat it up and cause damage.