Kitt Peak National Observatory is located on the Tohono O'odham Reservation, 56 miles southwest of Tucson, Arizona. The summit of Kitt Peak is at an elevation of 6,875 feet. It was selected as the site for a national observatory after a three-year survey involving more than 150 mountain sites across the United States. In 1958, the National Science Foundation signed a lease with the Tohono O'odham Tribal Council for use of 200 acres of the mountaintop under a perpetual agreement that is valid as long as scientific research facilities are maintained at the site. 

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