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National
Council for Teachers of Mathematics
Curriculum
Standards
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STANDARD
1:
MATHEMATICS AS PROBLEM SOLVING |
In
grades K-4, the study of mathematics should emphasize problem
solving so that students can--
- use problem-solving
approaches to investigate and understand mathematical content;
- formulate problems
from everyday and mathematical situations;
- develop and apply
strategies to solve a wide variety of problems;
- verify and interpret
results with respect to the original problem;
- acquire confidence
in using mathematics meaningfully.
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STANDARD
2:
MATHEMATICS AS COMMUNICATION |
In
grades K-4, the study of mathematics should include numerous opportunities
for communication so that students can--
- relate physical
materials, pictures, and diagrams to mathematical ideas;
- reflect on and
clarify their thinking about mathematical ideas and situations;
- relate their everyday
language to mathematical language and symbols;
- realize that representing,
discussing, reading, writing, and listening to mathematics
are a vital part of learning and using mathematics.
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STANDARD
3:
MATHEMATICS AS REASONING |
In
grades K--4, the study of mathematics should emphasize reasoning
so that students can--
- draw logical conclusions
about mathematics;
- use models, known
facts, properties, and relationships to explain their thinking;
- justify their
answers and solution processes;
- use patterns and
relationships to analyze mathematical situations;
- believe that mathematics
makes sense.
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STANDARD
4:
MATHEMATICAL CONNECTIONS |
In
grades K--4, the study of mathematics should include opportunities
to make connections so that students can--
- link conceptual
and procedural knowledge;
- relate various
representations of concepts or procedures to one another;
- recognize relationships
among different topics in mathematics;
- use mathematics
in other curriculum areas;
- use mathematics
in their daily lives.
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STANDARD
9:
GEOMETRY AND SPATIAL SENSE |
In
grades K-4, the mathematics curriculum should include two- and
three-dimensional geometry so that students can--
- describe, model,
draw, and classify shapes;
- investigate and
predict the results of combining, subdividing, and changing
shapes;
- develop spatial
sense;
- relate geometric
ideas to number and measurement ideas;
- recognize and
appreciate geometry in their world.
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STANDARD
11:
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY |
In
grades K-4, the mathematics curriculum should include experiences
with data analysis and probability so thatstudents can--
- collect, organize,
and describe data;
- construct, read,
and interpret displays of data;
- formulate and
solve problems that involve collecting and analyzing data;
- explore concepts
of chance.
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